US tariffs

US tariff refund process opens

Apr 29, 2026 | , ,

The long-anticipated process to recover US tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) has now begun, with U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) launching its new refund system.

The introduction of the Consolidated Administration and Processing of Entries (CAPE) platform on 20 April 2026 marks a critical milestone. Businesses can now begin submitting claims for duties paid during the affected period, with the first submission deadlines from 4 May 2026.

However, while access to refunds is now available, the window to act is narrow and the process itself is far from straightforward.

For UK businesses trading with the United States, and particularly those operating under Delivered Duty Paid (DDP) terms, this represents a significant financial opportunity and a complex compliance exercise.

CAPE system introduces structured but time-sensitive process

The CAPE system, accessed via the ACE portal, is the exclusive route for submitting refund claims. Only the Importer of Record or an authorised customs broker can file, using a structured declaration format that requires detailed historical entry data.

Phase 1 of the programme is now active, covering unliquidated entries and those recently finalised. This initial phase is expected to account for a significant proportion of eligible claims, but strict timelines mean businesses must act quickly to avoid missing eligibility windows.

Once claims are accepted, refunds including interest are expected within 60 to 90 days, although actual timelines will depend on the quality and completeness of submissions.

A large-scale reconciliation exercise, not a simple refund

Despite the introduction of automated systems, the process is best understood as a full customs reconciliation programme rather than a standard reimbursement.

Each claim must be validated against historical entry data, including confirmation of importer-of-record status, tariff classifications, and whether entries have been liquidated, adjusted or previously disputed.

Given the scale, with tens of millions of entries under review, submission, validation and payment will take place in phases, and delays are likely where data is incomplete or inconsistent.

For entries outside the initial phase, businesses may need to pursue alternative routes such as formal protests, typically within 180 days of liquidation, adding further complexity.

The opportunity to recover duties is not limited to US-based importers. Many UK and international exporters may also be eligible where they acted as importer of record under DDP terms.

In these cases, businesses must demonstrate full control and responsibility for the original customs entries, making data accuracy and documentation critical to a successful claim.

Early action will determine success

With submission windows already open and deadlines in force, the focus now shifts to preparation.

Businesses should prioritise identifying affected shipments, confirming importer-of-record status, verifying tariff classifications, checking liquidation timelines and consolidating supporting documentation.

Those that act early and submit accurate, well-prepared claims will be best placed to move through the process efficiently and secure full recovery.

Metro supports importers and exporters in identifying eligible entries, preparing compliant submissions and managing claims through to reimbursement. If your business has exposure to US tariffs, EMAIL our Head of Customs & Compliance, Andy Fitchett, today to assess your position and secure the recovery you are entitled to.

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US tariff refunds move closer as customs systems adapt to process large-scale repayments

Mar 18, 2026 | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

The process of refunding tariffs to US importers is beginning to take shape following the Supreme Court’s decision to strike down duties imposed under emergency powers. 

US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is developing a dedicated system within its Automated Commercial Environment to handle what is expected to be one of the largest refund exercises undertaken by the agency.

The process is being designed around four key stages: claim submission, automated validation and recalculation of duties, review and liquidation, and final refund payment. Importers will be required to submit detailed entry data, which the system will validate before calculating the amounts owed and issuing repayments electronically.

Although progress is being made, the scale of the task remains considerable. Tens of millions of entries are potentially affected, and the volume of data required means the process cannot be implemented immediately. Current timelines suggest the system will take several weeks to become fully operational, with further updates expected as development continues.

Data requirements will increase scrutiny on historical entries

The refund process will require importers to provide a comprehensive dataset covering entries where tariffs were paid. This includes classification details, country of origin, entry numbers, duty amounts and supporting documentation.

As a result, the process is likely to do more than simply return funds. By consolidating this level of information into a single submission, it effectively creates a detailed audit trail of past imports.

For businesses, this increases the importance of data accuracy and consistency. Any discrepancies in classification, valuation or origin could trigger further review, potentially extending timelines or leading to additional compliance checks.

Despite the scale of the opportunity, readiness across the importing community remains relatively low.

Only a small proportion of eligible importers have completed the necessary setup to receive refunds electronically. Until this process is finalised, any payments issued may be rejected, delaying recovery of funds.

At the same time, recent changes to US customs requirements mean that more detailed shipment information is already being requested earlier in the import process. Combined with the refund requirements, this is increasing the administrative burden on importers.

Submitting claims without fully validating the underlying data may expose businesses to additional scrutiny. Conversely, delaying preparation could result in slower access to funds once the system becomes fully operational.

This creates a balance between speed and compliance, where careful preparation is likely to be the most effective strategy.

Technology and expertise will play a critical role

Given the volume of entries and the level of detail required, technology is expected to play an increasingly important role in managing the process.

Automated systems can help organise entry data, validate submissions and identify inconsistencies before claims are filed. At the same time, experienced customs oversight remains essential to ensure that filings are accurate and aligned with regulatory requirements.

For many importers, this combination of technology and expertise will be key to navigating what is likely to be a complex and closely monitored process.

The tariff refund process presents a clear financial opportunity, but it also requires careful handling of data, compliance and submission timing.

Metro combines its US presence, local customs brokerage expertise and advanced systems, including its AI and machine-learning powered CuDoS platform, to support the CBP refund process - helping customers prepare accurate, compliant claims.

If you want to understand what you may be owed and how to approach the refund process with confidence, EMAIL Andrew Smith, Managing Director at Metro, to discuss how Metro’s US customs team can support your submission strategy.

Supreme Court

U.S. Tariff ruling resets importing landscape

Mar 3, 2026 | ,

In a decision that reshapes the mechanics of U.S. trade policy, the U.S. Supreme Court has curtailed the use of emergency powers to impose broad import tariffs. 

The outcome is not the removal of tariffs, but a shift in how they are applied and a potential window to recover previously paid duties.

On 20 February, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that President Trump did not have authority under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) to impose sweeping “reciprocal” tariffs on general imports, including duties affecting EU and UK exports.

The Court determined that tariffs constitute taxation and therefore require clear Congressional approval. As a result, tariffs introduced solely under that statute are no longer legally supported.

However, the ruling does not eliminate U.S. tariffs altogether. It narrows the legal pathway through which they can be introduced.

Existing programmes remain fully active:

  • Section 301 tariffs addressing unfair trade practices
  • Section 232 national security tariffs
  • Section 201 safeguard measures

Replacement tariff: Section 122 Global Surcharge

In response to the ruling, the U.S. administration introduced a 10% global import surcharge under Section 122 of the Trade Act, effective 24 November.

Unlike the invalidated emergency tariffs, Section 122 is legally defined and time-limited:

  • Maximum duration: 150 days (unless extended by Congress)
  • Maximum rate: 15% (currently set at 10%)
  • Intended purpose: short-term balance-of-payments stabilisation

The UK continues to seek clarity on whether it will remain at 10% under its previously negotiated arrangement, should the global rate rise toward 15%. At present, the majority of existing UK–US trade measures – including sector-specific arrangements on cars, steel and pharmaceuticals – are not expected to change.

The EU has placed elements of its own U.S. tariff understanding on hold pending further developments.

Refund recovery: a potential opportunity

The more immediate operational issue concerns duties already paid under the invalidated measures. Businesses are expected to pursue substantial refund claims, potentially exceeding $200bn.

Depending on entry status, recovery mechanisms may include:

  • Post-summary corrections for unliquidated entries
  • Formal protests submitted within statutory deadlines
  • Litigation before the U.S. Court of International Trade for older entries

Full procedural guidance has yet to be published by federal agencies. Nevertheless, importers should begin preparing documentation immediately, including:

  • Identification of affected entries
  • Verification of duty payments
  • Coordination of any drawback claims
  • Preservation of statutory deadlines

Customs compliance in this environment is no longer routine administration; it has become a matter of financial risk management and cash recovery strategy.

How Metro can support you

Metro is closely monitoring federal guidance, reviewing agency communications and assessing operational implications across customs entry processes.

We recommend that businesses trading with the United States initiate an internal review of potentially affected entries without delay. Our U.S. customs specialists can help assess exposure, identify recovery pathways and support documentation preparation to protect your position.

As further clarity emerges, we will continue to provide timely updates and practical guidance.

EMAIL Andrew Smith, Managing Director, to learn how Metro can help you review your refund situation, mitigate new tariff regime, and protect your supply chain from volatility.

Blanking is biting

Blanked sailings surge as congestion and reliability continue to constrain capacity

Feb 18, 2026 | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Container shipping capacity remains under pressure as carriers increase blanked sailings, schedule reliability weakens and port congestion ties up vessels across key gateways.

According to maritime researchers Drewry, 136 sailings were cancelled in February across the transpacific, Asia–Europe and transatlantic trades, a 122% increase compared with January. The surge coincides with the traditional Lunar New Year slowdown, as carriers anticipate a seasonal contraction in export volumes from Asia.

The majority of blanked sailings are concentrated on the transpacific eastbound route. While cancellations are expected to ease in March, with only 53 blank sailings currently announced, February’s reductions represent a material short-term withdrawal of capacity from the market.

Reliability slips back

Schedule reliability also deteriorated in December. Global on-time performance fell by 1.2 percentage points month-on-month to 62.8%, the second-lowest reading since May. 

Average vessel delay increased to 5.04 days, the second-highest level since April.

While reliability remains 9% higher year-on-year, performance across the major carrier groups remains uneven. Maersk recorded 76.7% schedule reliability in December, followed by Hapag-Lloyd at 75.2%. Eight of the top 13 carriers operated within the 50–60% range, while Wan Hai recorded 47.8%.

Alliance performance also diverged. In November and December, Gemini Cooperation achieved 92.3% reliability across all arrivals, compared with 73.5% for MSC and 58.8% for Ocean Alliance.

Lower reliability effectively reduces usable capacity. Late arrivals compress schedules, extend port stays and create knock-on disruption across subsequent rotations.

Northern Europe congestion continues

Port congestion continues to tie up vessels, particularly across Northern Europe. Winter weather has reduced terminal productivity in Antwerp, Hamburg and Rotterdam, with berth delays of three to five days reported. Le Havre is experiencing delays of up to eight days following temporary terminal closures.

Yard utilisation levels remain elevated across major European hubs, including UK ports. London Gateway and Southampton are reporting intermittent delays of one to two days, while Felixstowe has seen delays of up to five days.

Operational disruption is also reported in Poland, where snow and frozen equipment have affected both port and inland transport productivity.

Analysts estimate that congestion can effectively absorb around 6% of the global fleet at any given time, limiting available vessel supply.

Outlook remains challenging

Despite a global order-book equivalent to 34% of the existing fleet, the highest level since before the financial crisis, effective capacity remains sensitive to operational constraints.

Sea-Intelligence forecasts structural overcapacity could approach 10% by 2027, even when factoring in slow steaming, congestion, Red Sea diversions and scrapping of older tonnage.

In the near term, however, blanked sailings, reliability slippage and port congestion continue to determine how much capacity is actually available to shippers, regardless of headline fleet growth.

Metro’s sea freight team continuously model the potential impact of blank sailings, so we can secure space, optimise routings and build contingency plans around our customers’ specific flows.

By sharing your forecasts and critical SKUs early, we can ring-fence capacity, minimise disruption and shield you from service disruption and last-minute surcharges.

EMAIL Andrew Smith, Managing Director, today to arrange a strategic review and lock in the resilience you need for 2026 and beyond.

Category: United States

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